《三字经》原文全文解释及译文
【原文】
人之初，性本善。性相近，习相远。
【解释】每个人在刚出生时，本性都是善良的。人们的本性虽然很相近，但由于后天的熏染，所处的环境不同，差距会越来越大。
【译文】When a person is born, their nature is good. People’s natures are similar, but due to the influence of the environment, the differences become greater as they grow up.
【原文】
苟不教，性乃迁。教之道，贵以专。
【解释】如果不进行教育，人的本性就会改变。教育的关键在于专心致志，持之以恒。
【译文】If education is not provided, people’s nature will change. The key to education is to be dedicated and persistent.
【原文】
昔孟母，择邻处。子不学，断机杼。
【解释】从前孟子的母亲为了选择好的邻居，多次搬家。当孟子不学习时，她甚至割断了织布机的布，以此告诫他。
【译文】In the past, Mencius’ mother chose to live in a good neighborhood. When Mencius did not study, she even cut off the thread of the loom to teach him a lesson.
【原文】
窦燕山，有义方。教五子，名俱扬。
【解释】窦燕山的家庭有正确的教育方法。他教育了五个儿子，都取得了名望。
【译文】Dou Yanshan had a good education method. He educated his five sons, and all of them became famous.
【原文】
养不教，父之过。教不严，师之惰。
【解释】如果父母不教育子女，这是父母的过错。如果老师不严格要求学生，这是老师的懒惰。
【译文】If parents do not educate their children, it is the parents’ fault. If teachers do not严格要求 their students, it is the teachers’ laziness.
【原文】
玉不琢，不成器。人不学，不知义。
【解释】玉石不经过雕琢，就不会成为有用的。人不学习，就不知道做人的道理。
【译文】A jade stone is not polished, it will not become a useful tool. A person does not learn, they will not know the meaning of life.
【原文】
为人子，方少时。亲师友，习礼仪。
【解释】作为子女，在年少时应该亲近老师和朋友，学习礼仪。
【译文】As a child, it is important to be close to teachers and friends and learn about etiquette.
【原文】
香九龄，能温席。孝于亲，所当执。
【解释】黄香九岁时就能为父亲暖床。孝顺父母，是每个人应该做到的。
【译文】Huang Xiang, at the age of nine, could warm his father’s bed. Being孝to one’s parents is something everyone should do.
【原文】
融四岁，能让梨。弟于长，宜先知。
【解释】孔融四岁时就能让梨。尊敬兄长，是应该从小就知道的。
【译文】Kong Rong, at the age of four, could share the pears. Respecting one’s elders is something that should be known from a young age.
【原文】
首孝弟，次见闻。知某数，识某文。
【解释】首先要学习孝顺和尊敬，然后要了解世界。知道基本的算术和识字。
【译文】First, we should learn about filial piety and respect. Then, we should understand the world. Know basic arithmetic and literacy.
【原文】
一而十，十而百。百而千，千而万。
【解释】从一到十，从十到百，从百到千，从千到万。
【译文】From one to ten, from ten to a hundred, from a hundred to a thousand, and from a thousand to ten thousand.
【原文】
三才者，天地人。三光者，日月星。
【解释】天、地、人被称为三才。太阳、月亮、星星被称为三光。
【译文】The three elements are heaven, earth, and human. The three lights are the sun, the moon, and the stars.
【原文】
三纲者，君臣义。父子亲，夫妇顺。
【解释】君与臣、父与子、夫与妇之间的关系被称为三纲。
【译文】The three principles are the relationship between the king and the minister, the father and the son, and the husband and the wife.
【原文】
曰春夏，曰秋冬。此四时，运不穷。
【解释】春、夏、秋、冬被称为四时，这四个季节的运转是无穷无尽的。
【译文】Spring, summer, autumn, and winter are the four seasons. These four seasons never stop rotating.
【原文】
曰南北，曰西东。此四方，应乎中。
【解释】东、南、西、北被称为四方，这四个方向都对应。
【译文】East, south, west, and north are the four directions, and all of them are related to the center.
【原文】
曰水火，木金土。此五行，本乎数。
【解释】水、火、木、金、土被称为五行，这些元素都源于数字。
【译文】Water, fire, wood, metal, and earth are the five elements, and all of them are derived from numbers.
【原文】
十干者，甲至癸。十二支，子至亥。
【解释】天干有十个，从甲到癸。地支有十二个，从子到亥。
【译文】There are ten Heavenly Stems, from Jia to Gui. There are twelve Earthly Branches, from Zi to Hai.
【原文】
曰阴阳，曰五行。此二者，常相生。
【解释】阴阳和五行是常相生的。
【译文】Yin and Yang, and the five elements, are always interacting and growing.
【原文】
曰仁义，礼智信。此五常，不容紊。
【解释】仁、义、礼、智、信被称为五常，这些道德准则不能混乱。
【译文】Benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, wisdom, and trustworthiness are the five constants, and they cannot be mixed up.
《三字经》全文解释及译文如上所述，家长在辅导孩子时，可以根据孩子的年龄和理解能力，逐步引导他们学习和理解其中的道理。家长也可以结合生活实例，帮助孩子更好地理解和应用这些道理。